Abstract
Objective
Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) contributes to the progression of visual defects such as glaucoma. This study determined whether metabolic syndrome (MetS) and cardiovascular risk factors are associated with IOP in South Korean men.
Methods
We analyzed data on 4875 men who participated in the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008–2010. We recorded the values for age, weight, height, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), fasting blood glucose (FBG), insulin, homeostasis model assessment of estimated insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglyceride (TG), non-HDL-C (NHDL-C), and TG/HDL-C, as well as sociodemographic factors. IOP was measured using Goldmann applanation tonometry.
Results
Weight, BMI, WC, SBP, DBP, FBG, insulin, HOMA-IR, TC, LDL-C, TG, NHDL-C, TG/HDL-C, and the prevalence of MetS differed significantly among the three groups with IOP (P<0.05). Mean IOP was higher in subjects who were obese and had hypertension, diabetes mellitus, MetS, abdominal obesity, high TG, high FBG, or high BP compared with normal subjects (P<0.005). Analysis using Pearson’s correlation coefficient showed that all cardiometabolic risk factors were significantly associated with IOP (P<0.005), with the exception of WC and HDL-C. A multivariate linear regression analysis showed that IOP was positively correlated with BMI, SBP, DBP, FBG, HOMA-IR, TC, LDL-C, TG, NHDL-C, and TG/HDL-C after adjusting for all covariates (all P<0.05).
Conclusions
Cardiometabolic risk factors, including the components of MetS, are associated with increased IOP.
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Acknowledgements
The authors thank the Korean Center for Disease Control and Prevention, which performed KNHANES.
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Y-H K: concept and design, data collection, statistics, writing of the manuscript; S W J, S-M K: data collection, analysis, and draft; G-E N, S J B: data collection and critical revision; K D H, S-Y J: concept and design, statistics, critical revision; A R B, K-H C, Y S C: data collection and analysis; D-H K: concept and design, statistics, critical revision.
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Kim, YH., Jung, S., Nam, GE. et al. High intraocular pressure is associated with cardiometabolic risk factors in South Korean men: Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2008–2010. Eye 28, 672–679 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1038/eye.2014.43
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/eye.2014.43
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