Cardiovascular diseases articles from across Nature Portfolio

Despite major global declines in ischemic heart disease mortality, the influence of suboptimal diet remains substantial and unevenly distributed across populations. This study quantifies the contributions of individual dietary components to ischemic heart disease over more than 30 years and uncovers persistent disparities by age, sex, region and socioeconomic status.

Vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia is a rare complication of adenoviral vector-based COVID-19 vaccines. New data show that vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia arises from molecular mimicry between platelet factor 4 and adenoviral core protein VII after the acquisition of the K31E mutation in the IgG light chain in individuals who carry the IGLV3-21*02 or IGLV3-21*03 alleles.

We performed single-nucleus and spatial transcriptomic analyses of systemic right ventricles from pediatric donors with hypoplastic left heart syndrome after surgical palliation. Our analyses demonstrate widespread senescence in the failing heart, spatially organized into microvascular niches, and show that these pathological states are partially reversible with mechanical unloading.

A prespecified analysis from the SELECT trial showed that semaglutide reduces major adverse cardiovascular events by 20% compared with placebo, particularly in patients at high risk of fibrosis, as indicated by the Fibrosis-4 index.

Su et al. compare the risk of hyperuricemia in patients treated with bempedoic acid versus ezetimibe using a large real-world dataset from the United States. They find that bempedoic acid increases laboratory hyperuricemia, but this does not result in higher observed use of gout medications.

Here the authors report that lipidomics analysis of over 13,000 Australians from two cohorts identifies distinct blood lipid signatures linked to habitual dietary exposures. Lipid markers of healthier diets were associated with lower cardiovascular risk and reduced all-cause mortality.

In this issue of Nature Reviews Neurology, we launch a Collection that explores the multisystemic nature of neurological disease and highlights the importance of collaboration between neurology and other clinical specialties.

Nature Reviews Neurology is interviewing leading experts who are working at the interface between neurology and other clinical specialties. We spoke with stroke neurologist Luciano Sposato about his work on brain–heart interactions and initiatives to promote collaboration between the neurology and cardiology fields.

Despite major global declines in ischemic heart disease mortality, the influence of suboptimal diet remains substantial and unevenly distributed across populations. This study quantifies the contributions of individual dietary components to ischemic heart disease over more than 30 years and uncovers persistent disparities by age, sex, region and socioeconomic status.

Laura Alonso-Herranz discusses the study that demonstrated that vascular smooth muscle cells undergo clonal expansion within atherosclerotic plaques and adopt non-canonical features, a work that laid the foundation for subsequent studies on vascular smooth muscle cell plasticity in atherosclerosis.

In a new study, treatment with self-amplifying RNA contained in lipid nanoparticles to increase the production of atrial natriuretic peptide preserved ventricular function and reduced cardiac fibrosis in mouse and pig models of myocardial infarction.