Table 3 Relative risk of meeting component criteria of metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance in adulthood across categories of childhood fitness and waist circumference
From: Childhood fitness reduces the long-term cardiometabolic risks associated with childhood obesity
Childhood fitness level a | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Low | Moderate | High | |||||||
Childhood WC | % | RR b | (95% CI) | % | RR b | (95% CI) | % | RR b | (95% CI) |
Elevated adult WC | |||||||||
Lowest third | 12.2 | 6.1 | (2.2–17.4) | 4.3 | 2.2 | (0.8–6.2) | 2.0 | 1.0 | REF |
Middle third | 9.3 | 4.9 | (1.7–14.1) | 6.3 | 3.2 | (1.2–8.7) | 10.6 | 5.4 | (2.1–13.6) |
Highest third | 39.4 | 19.9 | (8.2–48.2) | 25.0 | 12.6 | (5.2–30.9) | 14.7 | 7.6 | (3.0–19.4) |
Elevated blood pressure | |||||||||
Lowest third | 20.7 | 1.1 | (0.7–1.7) | 19.9 | 1.0 | (0.7–1.3) | 19.8 | 1.0 | REF |
Middle third | 22.7 | 1.0 | (0.7–1.6) | 20.3 | 1.0 | (0.7–1.4) | 22.6 | 1.1 | (0.8–1.5) |
Highest third | 29.7 | 1.4 | (1.0–1.9) | 24.2 | 1.2 | (0.9–1.7) | 17.9 | 0.9 | (0.6–1.3) |
Low HDL | |||||||||
Lowest third | 19.5 | 1.2 | (0.7–2.0) | 16.0 | 1.0 | (0.7–1.5) | 16.2 | 1.0 | REF |
Middle third | 19.6 | 1.2 | (0.8–2.0) | 16.7 | 1.0 | (0.7–1.5) | 15.3 | 0.9 | (0.6–1.4) |
Highest third | 26.3 | 1.6 | (1.1–2.4) | 19.8 | 1.2 | (0.8–1.8) | 19.0 | 1.2 | (0.8–1.8) |
Elevated triglycerides | |||||||||
Lowest third | 11.0 | 1.2 | (0.6–2.5) | 12.9 | 1.4 | (0.8–2.2) | 9.5 | 1.0 | REF |
Middle third | 18.6 | 2.1 | (1.2–3.7) | 16.2 | 1.7 | (1.0–2.7) | 12.7 | 1.4 | (0.8–2.2) |
Highest third | 21.1 | 2.2 | (1.4–3.5) | 17.7 | 1.9 | (1.2–3.0) | 16.9 | 1.7 | (1.1–2.8) |
Elevated glucose | |||||||||
Lowest third | 12.2 | 1.4 | (0.7–2.7) | 10.6 | 1.1 | (0.7–1.9) | 9.1 | 1.0 | REF |
Middle third | 19.6 | 2.3 | (1.3–3.9) | 11.3 | 1.2 | (0.7–2.1) | 10.6 | 1.2 | (0.7–1.9) |
Highest third | 13.1 | 1.4 | (0.8–2.4) | 12.9 | 1.4 | (0.8–2.2) | 11.4 | 1.2 | (0.7–2.1) |
Insulin resistant c | |||||||||
Lowest third | 8.6 | 1.5 | (0.7–2.7) | 4.7 | 0.8 | (0.4–1.7) | 5.9 | 1.0 | REF |
Middle third | 14.4 | 2.5 | (1.3–3.9) | 7.7 | 1.3 | (0.7–2.5) | 8.4 | 1.4 | (0.8–2.7) |
Highest third | 20.0 | 3.4 | (1.9–6.0) | 13.4 | 2.3 | (1.3–4.0) | 11.4 | 1.9 | (1.0–3.6) |
