Figure 5

Fibrosis induction inhibits CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T-cell infiltration into tumor. Intra-spleen inoculation of ML-1 established tumor nodule formation in the liver of BALB/c mice. TAA was used to induce fibrosis. CD4⁺ or CD8⁺ T cells were stained in frozen tissue section, shown in green. DAPI (blue) were used to stain the nuclei, the condensed nodule marked by white dotted line is the tumor part. Images are representative of 4–5 mice in each group. Magnification was 400-fold. The number of tumor infiltrated CD4⁺ or CD8⁺ T cells were counted as described in Materials and Methods section. One tumor area unit is equal to 0.19 mm². (a, b) ML1–TAA treatment. (c, d) TAA–ML1 treatment. (e, f) TAA–ML1–TAA treatment. (g) The tumor-infiltrating CD4⁺ or CD8⁺ T cells were counted at different time points in TAA–ML1–TAA-treated mice.