Figure 2: Various behaviours of surgeonfish C. striatus towards cleanerfish L. dimidiatus models.

Behaviour of surgeonfish with access to mechanically moving cleaner fish models (white bars, n=12 surgeonfish) and with access to stationary models (black bars, n=15). (a) Total number of fish-posing events (immobile posture with all fins spread with no contact with model), (b) total number of interaction events (longer touching events during which fish rubbed and was in continuous physical stimulation with the models), (c) total number of single-contact events with model (touch), (d) total duration of fish-posing events and (e) total duration of interaction events. Values were summed between the last two exposure sessions (1 h each) for each individual and then averaged across surgeonfish. P-values refer to independent t-tests (independent t-tests, *< 0.05; **< 0.01). Error bars represent±1 s.e.m.