Figure 2: Representation of the interactive communication process between two Janus gated nanodevices.
From: Interactive models of communication at the nanoscale using nanoparticles that talk to one another

Chemical input (lactose) is hydrolysed by β-galactosidase on S1gal to glucose (messenger 1), which is transformed into gluconic acid on S2gox. This induces a local drop in pH, which induces the dethreading of the β-CD:benzimidazole supramolecular nanovalve and cargo N-acetyl-L-cysteine release (messenger 2), which is the feedback that finally induces the delivery of the (Ru(bpy)3)2+ reporter from S1gal.