Figure 2: Formation process of VSs in repeated measurements.
From: Symmetry breaking in the formation of magnetic vortex states in a permalloy nanodisk
(a) Image sequence of vortex-creation and -annihilation processes driven by an external magnetic field. (b) Chirality and polarity images taken from eight representative images showing two individual nanodisks with a radius of 500 nm and a thickness of 100 nm. The generation rate of each VS group, which is defined as the number of times that each VS group is generated relative to the total number of repetitions, is obviously asymmetric. VSs with a signature of cp=−1 are predominantly generated compared to VSs with cp=1 with a quantitative generation ratio of 8:0 and 7:1 in the first and second nanodisk, respectively.
