Figure 3: Microwave surface impedance.
(a) Surface impedance at 2.91 GHz, showing the results of the normal-state matching technique used to determine absolute reactance: Rs(T) and Xs(T) track well between T=10 and 35 K, a range in which the quasiparticle relaxation rate is much greater than the measurement frequency. (b) Surface resistance at frequencies from 2.91 to 19.6 GHz, on a logarithmic scale. Absolute surface resistance is determined by a combination of cavity perturbation and in situ, resonator-based bolometry. (c) Surface reactance, at all frequencies measured. For clarity, Xs(T) is scaled by 
, to factor-out the expected frequency dependence well above Tc.
