Figure 1: Maps of sedimentary²³¹Pa/²³⁰Th ratios.

The ²³¹Pa/²³⁰Th ratio in all sediments with available data from (a) the Holocene (0–10 kyr BP)^{1,15,16,20,21,22,25,27,28,30,39,40,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66}, this study (b) HS1 (14.7–17.5 kyr BP),^{15,16,21,22,25,27,30,39,40,54}, this study and (c) the LGM (18–25 kyr BP),^{1,15,16,20,21,22,25,27,28,30,39,40,54,55,56}, this study. When a core contained multiple measurements for a given time period, measurements were averaged and are represented as a single data point. New cores presented in this study are indicated by black circles in the HS1 panel.