Figure 4: Distance dependence of the time-averaged lateral force.
From: Lateral forces on circularly polarizable particles near a surface

A circularly polarized dipole p=[1,0,i] above (a) a dielectric slab (n=3.45) of thickness t=0.135λ resting on a substrate (n=1.45) and (b) a gold substrate (ɛ2=−11.8+1.23i at 632.8 nm). The exact result from equation (1) and the different terms in the approximation are shown. Note: for the calculation of Rk we used Δ1=0.3neff,1, Δ2=0.15neff,2 and ΔSPP=0.1neff,SPP. The results of the Green function evaluation are also shown in b. Results based on numerical simulations of the same scenarios are shown in Supplementary Note 5.