Table 2 Indicators of asthma symptoms and exacerbations overall and by GINA-defined control levels

From: Asthma control and management in 8,000 European patients: the REcognise Asthma and LInk to Symptoms and Experience (REALISE) survey

 

Overall (N=8,000)

GINA-defined asthma control

Correlation with control, r

  

Controlled (n=1,604)

Partially controlled (n=2,785)

Uncontrolled (n=3,611)

 

Control and indicators of symptoms

 Days with symptomsa

None

1,622 (20.3)

1,037 (64.7)

544 (19.5)

41 (1.1)

 

⩾1 day

6,378 (79.7)

567 (35.3)

2,241 (80.5)

3,570 (98.9)

0.600 b

⩾3 days

3,343 (41.8)

0

449 (16.1)

2,894 (80.1)

 

 Normal activities affected by symptomsa

None

3,360 (42.0)

1,604 (100)

1,455 (52.2)

301 (8.3)

0.708b

⩾1 day

4,640 (58.0)

0

1,330 (47.8)

3,310 (91.7)

 

 Night-time awakening a

None

3,639 (45.5)

1,604 (100)

1,606 (57.7)

429 (11.9)

0.683 b

⩾1 day

4,361 (54.5)

0

1,179 (42.3)

3,182 (88.1)

 

 Reliever inhaler use a

Not used

2,143 (26.8)

1,083 (67.5)

894 (32.1)

166 (4.6)

0.679 b

⩾1 time

5,509 (68.9)

407 (25.4)

1,738 (62.4)

3,364 (93.2)

 

⩾3 times

3,430 (42.9)

0

610 (21.9)

2,820 (78.1)

 

⩾10 times

518 (6.5)

0

85 (3.1)

433 (12.0)

 

Acute exacerbations

 Oral steroid use for worsening asthmac

Not used

4,484 (56.1)

1,224 (76.3)

1,924 (69.1)

1,336 (37.0)

0.332

⩾1 course

3,516 (44.0)

380 (23.7)

861 (30.9)

2,275 (63.0)

 

 Days off work/educationc,d

None

4,150 (62.5)

1,163 (85.7)

1,772 (77.1)

1,215 (40.8)

0.389

⩾1 day

2,485 (37.5)

194 (14.3)

525 (22.9)

1,766 (59.2)

 

 Antibiotic use for an asthma-associated conditionc

None

3,033 (37.9)

925 (57.7)

1,250 (44.9)

858 (23.8)

0.278

⩾1 course

4,967 (62.1)

679 (42.3)

1,535 (55.1)

2,753 (76.2)

 

 Emergency department visit due to asthmac

None

6,090 (76.1)

1,485 (92.6)

2,421 (86.9)

2,184 (60.5)

0.317

⩾1 visit

1,910 (23.9)

119 (7.4)

364 (13.1)

1,427 (39.5)

 

 Overnight hospitalisation due to asthmac

None

7,066 (88.3)

1,579 (98.4)

2,695 (96.8)

2,792 (77.3)

0.284

⩾1 stay

934 (11.7)

25 (1.6)

90 (3.2)

819 (22.7)

 
  1. Data are shown as n (%) of patients. Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r) shows correlation between control and symptoms/exacerbations. P=0.001 for all correlations.
  2. Abbreviation: GINA, Global Initiative for Asthma.
  3. aIn the previous 7 days.
  4. bStrong correlation.
  5. cIn the previous 12 months.
  6. dBase: overall, n=6,635; controlled, n=1,357; partially controlled, n=2,297; uncontrolled, n=2,981.
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