Fig. 3: Topographical characteristics of the geographical environment in Yansui defense district. | npj Heritage Science

Fig. 3: Topographical characteristics of the geographical environment in Yansui defense district.

From: Interactions between the Ming Yansui Great Wall heritage and geographical environment via Monte Carlo simulation

Fig. 3

a Elevation distribution map showing altitude variations across the Yansui defense district; b Aspect analysis map illustrating slope orientation and directional characteristics throughout the region; c Slope gradient analysis map depicting terrain steepness; d River network map displaying the distribution and connectivity of rivers and waterways within the district.

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