Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients stratified by four BMI categories.
From: Evaluating the obesity paradox in patients with sepsis and cancer
Underweight | Normal | Overweight | Obesity | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | 173 | 1283 | 1498 | 960 | |
Age | 64.0 [56.0,75.0] | 68.0 [59.0,77.5] | 70.0 [60.0,79.0] | 66.5 [59.0,75.0] | <0.001 |
Male | 87 (50.3) | 741 (57.8) | 979 (65.4) | 552 (57.5) | <0.001 |
Race | 0.005 | ||||
White | 106 (61.3) | 920 (71.7) | 1090 (72.8) | 695 (72.4) | |
Black | 17 (9.8) | 105 (8.2) | 123 (8.2) | 101 (10.5) | |
Others | 50 (28.9) | 258 (20.1) | 285 (19.0) | 164 (17.1) | |
Admission category | |||||
Elective | 17 (9.8) | 147 (11.5) | 196 (13.1) | 148 (15.4) | 0.001 |
Emergency | 125 (72.3) | 968 (75.4) | 1156 (77.2) | 699 (72.8) | |
Others | 31 (17.9) | 168 (13.1) | 146 (9.7) | 113 (11.8) | |
Cancer site | <0.001 | ||||
Bladder | 5 (2.9) | 26 (2.0) | 38 (2.5) | 21 (2.2) | |
Brain, central nervous system | 5 (2.9) | 34 (2.7) | 64 (4.3) | 33 (3.4) | |
Breast | 0(0) | 27 (2.1) | 33 (2.2) | 25 (2.6) | |
Cervix uteri | 1 (0.6) | 1 (0.1) | 2 (0.1) | 2 (0.2) | |
Colorectum | 6 (3.5) | 51 (4.0) | 54 (3.6) | 35 (3.6) | |
Corpus uteri | 0(0) | 2 (0.2) | 3 (0.2) | 15 (1.6) | |
Esophagus | 7 (4.0) | 33 (2.6) | 36 (2.4) | 14 (1.5) | |
Kidney | 4 (2.3) | 33 (2.6) | 37 (2.5) | 25 (2.6) | |
Larynx | 2 (1.2) | 8 (0.6) | 6 (0.4) | 4 (0.4) | |
Leukemia | 11 (6.4) | 96 (7.5) | 134 (8.9) | 80 (8.3) | |
Lip, oral cavity | 3 (1.7) | 18 (1.4) | 5 (0.3) | 12 (1.2) | |
Liver | 3 (1.7) | 96 (7.5) | 106 (7.1) | 80 (8.3) | |
Lung | 47 (27.2) | 228 (17.8) | 198 (13.2) | 139 (14.5) | |
Melanoma of skin | 1 (0.6) | 5 (0.4) | 12 (0.8) | 10 (1.0) | |
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma | 11 (6.4) | 83 (6.5) | 127 (8.5) | 78 (8.1) | |
Ovary | 1 (0.6) | 25 (1.9) | 15 (1.0) | 13 (1.4) | |
Pancreas | 17 (9.8) | 96 (7.5) | 96 (6.4) | 43 (4.5) | |
Prostate | 4 (2.3) | 48 (3.7) | 75 (5.0) | 54 (5.6) | |
Stomach | 7 (4.0) | 18 (1.4) | 45 (3.0) | 16 (1.7) | |
Thyroid | 1 (0.6) | 2 (0.2) | 6 (0.4) | 6 (0.6) | |
Others | 37 (21.4) | 353 (27.5) | 406 (27.1) | 255 (26.6) | |
SOFA | 3.0 [2.0,4.0] | 3.0 [2.0,4.0] | 3.0 [2.0,4.0] | 3.0 [2.0,4.0] | 0.011 |
SAPSII | 43.0 [36.0,53.0] | 44.0 [37.0,55.0] | 45.0 [36.0,55.0] | 44.0 [36.0,53.0] | 0.416 |
GCS | 15.0 [15.0,15.0] | 15.0 [15.0,15.0] | 15.0 [15.0,15.0] | 15.0 [15.0,15.0] | 0.051 |
Elixhauser comorbidities | 5.0 [3.0,6.0] | 5.0 [3.0,6.0] | 5.0 [3.0,7.0] | 6.0 [4.0,7.0] | <0.001 |
Diabetes | 23 (13.3) | 250 (19.5) | 420 (28.0) | 374 (39.0) | <0.001 |
Hypertension | 60 (34.7) | 455 (35.5) | 644 (43.0) | 443 (46.1) | <0.001 |
Time to antimicrobial therapy (h) | 1.0 [0.0,9.0] | 1.0 [0.0,6.0] | 1.0 [0.0,7.0] | 1.0 [0.0,7.0] | 0.326 |
Laboratory tests | |||||
Lactate (mmol/L) | 1.7 [1.3,2.2] | 1.8 [1.4,2.4] | 1.9 [1.4,2.5] | 1.9 [1.4,2.6] | 0.018 |
WBC (*109/L) | 10.8 [6.7,15.4] | 11.3 [7.0,16.6] | 11.3 [7.1,16.2] | 11.1 [7.5,15.9] | 0.884 |
Monocyte (*109/L) | 0.5 [0.3,0.7] | 0.5 [0.3,0.8] | 0.5 [0.3,0.7] | 0.5 [0.4,0.8] | 0.776 |
Neutrophil (*109/L) | 9.6 [5.7,12.8] | 9.4 [6.0,13.5] | 9.1 [5.9,12.7] | 9.3 [6.1,12.9] | 0.5 |
Lymphocyte (*109/L) | 0.9 [0.6,1.2] | 0.9 [0.6,1.2] | 0.9 [0.6,1.3] | 0.9 [0.7,1.3] | <0.001 |
NLR | 14.1 [9.3,18.6] | 14.0 [8.3,20.5] | 13.1 [7.8,19.1] | 13.0 [7.5,19.3] | 0.077 |
ALT (IU/L) | 39.0 [19.0,80.4] | 44.0 [21.0,91.3] | 48.9 [23.0,94.9] | 48.8 [21.0,104.1] | 0.021 |
AST (IU/L) | 50.0 [27.5,128.0] | 62.0 [31.8,153.9] | 65.4 [32.5,170.0] | 66.2 [30.0,195.3] | 0.022 |
Total bilirubin (mg/dL) | 0.9 [0.5,1.9] | 1.1 [0.6,2.2] | 1.2 [0.6,2.2] | 1.1 [0.6,2.0] | 0.008 |
BUN (mg/dL) | 20.0 [12.0,31.0] | 21.0 [13.5,34.0] | 23.0 [15.5,37.0] | 25.0 [16.5,39.0] | <0.001 |
Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.8 [0.6,1.3] | 0.9 [0.7,1.4] | 1.1 [0.8,1.6] | 1.2 [0.8,1.8] | <0.001 |
PO2 (mmHg) | 99.5 [61.0,142.0] | 91.5 [63.9,132.0] | 98.2 [70.5,143.0] | 96.5 [70.5,141.0] | 0.001 |
SpO2 (%) | 98.0 [96.0,99.5] | 97.0 [95.5,99.0] | 97.0 [95.5,98.0] | 97.0 [95.0,98.0] | <0.001 |
INR | 1.3 [1.2,1.5] | 1.4 [1.2,1.6] | 1.3 [1.2,1.6] | 1.3 [1.2,1.6] | 0.339 |
Platelet (*109/L) | 191.0 [119.0,306.0] | 186.5 [109.5,277.8] | 172.0 [108.0,252.9] | 181.2 [109.0,253.2] | 0.01 |
Glucose (mg/dL) | 114.0 [99.0,140.0] | 123.5 [104.0,149.0] | 130.0 [109.5,158.0] | 139.0 [116.0,173.0] | <0.001 |
Sodium (mEq/L) | 138.0 [135.0,141.0] | 137.0 [134.0,140.0] | 137.0 [134.5,140.0] | 137.5 [135.0,140.0] | 0.005 |
Chloride (mEq/L) | 104.0 [100.0,109.0] | 103.5 [100.0,107.0] | 104.0 [100.0,107.0] | 103.0 [99.5,107.0] | 0.009 |
Bicarbonate (mEq/L) | 23.0 [20.5,26.0] | 22.5 [19.5,25.0] | 22.5 [19.5,25.0] | 23.0 [20.0,26.0] | 0.01 |
Albumin (g/dL) | 2.8 [2.6,3.1] | 2.8 [2.6,3.1] | 2.9 [2.6,3.1] | 2.9 [2.7,3.2] | <0.001 |
Vital signs | |||||
Heart rate (bpm) | 90.5 [78.5,102.0] | 89.0 [77.5,102.0] | 88.0 [77.0,101.0] | 88.0 [76.0,100.1] | 0.292 |
Respiratory rate (bpm) | 19.0 [17.0,22.0] | 20.0 [17.0,23.0] | 19.8 [17.0,23.0] | 20.0 [17.0,23.0] | 0.506 |
SBP (mmHg) | 108.0 [100.0,119.0] | 108.0 [100.0,118.0] | 112.0 [102.5,123.0] | 113.0 [103.0,124.0] | <0.001 |
Temperature (°C) | 36.8 [36.6,37.0] | 36.8 [36.6,37.1] | 36.8 [36.6,37.1] | 36.8 [36.6,37.2] | 0.007 |
