Table 3 Descriptive statistics for urinary daily excretion (µg/24 h) of 15 MAs stratified by sex, smoking-status, and overall.

From: Analysis of 18 mercapturic acids in urine samples from the German Environmental Specimen Bank—tackling the data gap in the human biomonitoring of VOCs in Europe

Sample (N)

 

2CyEMA***

2CoMEMA***

EMA**

2HEMA

3HMPMA***

MMA*

BzMA

PhMA***

2CaEMA***

2CaHEMA***

MCaMA

34HBMA***

2HPMA***

3HPMA***

2HBeMA

overall (360)

Mean

5.14

1406

0.138

1.78

190

24.1

16.8

0.284

63.1

11.8

151

674

29.2

424

0.391

 

GM

2.13

1021

0.0609

1.36

159

18.6

12.8

0.224

51.7

10.3

119

620

25.2

300

0.201

 

Median

1.91

1040

0.0430

1.32

157

17.9

12.7

0.226

52.0

10.3

122

635

24.6

281

0.151

 

P95

11.4

3770

0.433

4.35

448

60.1

45.7

0.614

162

23.6

396

1158

63.5

1351

1.36

 

Min-Max

0.272–380

101–8268

0.0110–2.72

0.188–23.1

16.0–896

2.88–203

0.244-153

0.0200-3.67

7.98-319

2.46-45.9

21.2-830

18.2-2574

6.39-144

30.7-5610

0.0470-6.73

female (180)

Mean

3.57

1030

0.0915

1.84

168

25.2

15.8

0.242

48.9

10.2

149

572

25.9

272

0.369

 

GM

1.64

786

0.0510

1.37

141

19.9

12.2

0.196

41.1

8.95

116

540

21.9

227

0.198

 

Median

1.44

785

0.0390

1.36

135

19.8

12.5

0.194

39.5

8.64

124

558

21.0

226

0.149

 

P95

7.84

2806

0.254

4.68

409

66.1

43.6

0.499

117

21.9

400

904

64.7

625

1.60

 

Min-Max

0.272–153

101–6343

0.0110–1.61

0.188–17.7

16.0–896

3.41–108

0.244-83.0

0.0200-2.13

7.98-185

2.79-45.4

21.2-483

140-1221

7.92-133

34.1-1722

0.0470-3.49

male (180)

Mean

6.71

1783

0.184

1.72

212

23.1

17.7

0.327

77.4

13.4

154

775

32.4

576

0.414

 

GM

2.77

1327

0.0727

1.34

179

17.4

13.4

0.256

65.0

11.9

121

712

29.0

396

0.204

 

Median

2.32

1262

0.0460

1.27

168

16.2

13.0

0.253

63.7

11.6

121

724

29.3

350

0.156

 

P95

14.1

4697

1.09

3.53

504

56.8

47.7

0.692

185

28.9

385

1284

63.5

1878

1.26

 

Min-Max

0.375–380

246–8268

0.0130–2.72

0.246–23.1

50.6–885

2.88–203

0.287-153

0.0250-3.67

12.3-319

2.46-45.9

22.6-830

18.2-2574

6.39-144

30.7-5610

0.0510-6.73

Smokers (77)

Mean

15.6

1475

0.233

2.17

204

26.1

17.8

0.426

73.7

13.3

164

677

30.1

431

0.395

 

GM

4.20

1020

0.0914

1.51

168

19.3

13.1

0.292

61.5

11.6

128

637

25.9

313

0.201

 

Median

2.84

981

0.0810

1.46

157

19.5

12.0

0.274

58.7

11.1

137

637

26.0

273

0.138

 

P95

87.7

5562

1.48

6.92

574

74.7

51.5

1.49

165

31.9

398

1090

58.1

1400

1.38

 

Min-Max

0.351–380

208–8268

0.0160–2.72

0.242–23.1

50.1–757

2.88–198

0.244-73.7

0.0250-3.67

12.3-319

2.70-45.9

25.8-830

121-1377

6.39-144

30.7-3105

0.0510-6.73

Non-smokers

Mean

2.30

1388

0.112

1.67

186

23.6

16.5

0.246

60.3

11.4

148

673

28.9

422

0.390

(283)

GM

1.77

1021

0.0545

1.32

157

18.4

12.7

0.208

49.3

9.99

116

616

25.1

296

0.201

 

Median

1.74

1050

0.0400

1.30

157

16.9

12.7

0.216

48.9

10.0

120

635

24.3

281

0.155

 

P95

5.90

3769

0.277

3.91

431

58.8

41.4

0.552

164

23.2

397

1190

64.8

1342

1.51

 

Min-Max

0.272–21.8

101–6726

0.0110–2.54

0.188–18.3

16.0–896

3.18-203

0.287–153

0.0200-1.34

7.98-289

2.46-45.4

21.2-673

18.2-2574

7.92-133

34.1-5610

0.0470-6.73

  1. Significant sex-specific differences are indicated by asterisks in the header for the respective MA (*: p < 0.05; **: p < 0.01; ***: p < 0.001; Mann–Whitney U test). For significant differences between smokers and non-smokers refer to Fig. 1.
  2. GM geometric mean; P95 95th percentile, Min minimum, Max maximum.
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