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Adherence to lifestyle modifications and its associated factors among adult hypertensive patients attending their follow-up at public hospitals in West Shoa, Oromia, Ethiopia, 2023

Journal of Human Hypertension volume 39, pages 192–198 (2025)Cite this article

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Abstract

Hypertension is a serious public health concern, disturbing millions of lives worldwide. Effective lifestyle modifications are the foundation for the prevention and control of hypertension. The aim of this study is to assess adherence to lifestyle modifications and associated factors among adult hypertensive patients in West Shoa, Oromia, Ethiopia. An institutional-based cross-sectional study design was employed from August 20 to September 20, 2023. A systematic random sampling technique was employed to select study participants. A binary logistic regression model was used to check the association between independent and outcome variables. The strength of the association was stated using an adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval and a p-value of < 0.05. The study included 316 study participants, with a 98.8% response rate. The magnitude of adherence to lifestyle modifications was 31% (95%CI: 25.7–36.1%). Age (AOR = 2.71, 95% CI: 1.19–6.19), residence (AOR = 0.19, 95%CI: 0.09–0.39), duration of treatment (AOR = 2.17, 95%CI: 1.14–4.13), attitude (AOR = 2.14, 95%CI: 1.06–4.30), perceived social support (AOR = 6.23, 95%CI: 3.18–12.22) and self-efficacy (AOR = 2.66, 95%CI: 1.25–5.69) were the independent predictors of lifestyle modifications adherence. This study found that adherence to lifestyle modifications was low among hypertensive patients.

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Fig. 1: Status of life style modifications adherence among hypertensive patients attending chronic follow up Clinic of public hospitals in West Shoa, Oromia, Ethiopia, 2023.

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Data will be available up on request from corresponding author.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank all staff members of hospitals in West Shoa for their assistance during data collection, as well as Dambi Dollo University for providing Ethical clearance. The authors would also like to thank all the study participants for their willingness to participate in this study.

Funding

The authors not received any specific fund for this research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departments of Nursing, Institute of Health, Dambi Dollo University, Dambi Dollo, Ethiopia

    Demessie Diriba & Dereje Guta

Authors
  1. Demessie Diriba
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  2. Dereje Guta
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Contributions

DD contributed to conceptualization, data curation, formal analysis, investigation, methodology, resources, supervision, validation, visualization, writing (original draft), writing (review & editing), DG contributed to conceptualization, data curation, formal analysis, investigation, methodology, resources, supervision, validation, visualization, writing (original draft), writing (review & editing).

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Demessie Diriba.

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Ethical Approval and Consent to Participate

The ethical clearance letter was obtained from Dambi Dollo University Research Ethics Committee, Institute Health Sciences. An official letter was submitted to Ambo University Referral Hospital, Gedo General Hospital, Ambo General Hospital, and Inchini Primary Hospital and then permission was obtained from the concerned bodies. Prior to data collection, information was given to the participants, and their voluntary participation, confidentiality, and freedom to withdraw from the study at any time was assured. After the nature and importance of the study were explained to them, written consent was obtained from the participants.

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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Diriba, D., Guta, D. Adherence to lifestyle modifications and its associated factors among adult hypertensive patients attending their follow-up at public hospitals in West Shoa, Oromia, Ethiopia, 2023. J Hum Hypertens 39, 192–198 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41371-025-00991-0

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