Fig. 4: Overview of treatment targets currently available or under development in acute myeloid leukemia.

Immunotherapy initiatives include ADC antibody (Abs)-drug conjugates, bispecific Abs, mAbs monoclonal Abs, CI checkpoint inhibitors, and cellular therapies (DLI donor lymphocyte infusion, CTL cytotoxic T lymphocytes, CAR chimeric antigen receptor approaches, NK natural killer, CIK cytokine-induced killer). Targeted therapies are summarized as RTK receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors, BH3 mimetics selective small-molecule B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) Homology 3, and inhibitors involved in protein degradation. WT1 Wilms tumor protein, PRAME preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma, ADGRE2 adhesion G protein-coupled receptor E2, FLT3 FMS‐like tyrosine kinase 3, TIM-3 T cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing-3, GO gemtuzumab ozogamicin, PVEK pivekimab sunirine, CTLA-4 cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4, PD-1 programmed cell death protein 1, XPO1 exportin 1, HDACs histone deacetylases, HMA DNA hypomethylating agents, BTK Bruton’s tyrosine kinase, JAK Janus kinase, CDK cyclin-dependent kinase, mTOR mammalian target of rapamycin, IDH isocitrate dehydrogenase, FOLR1 folate receptor alpha, MDM2 mouse double minute 2 homolog, PROTAC proteolysis targeting chimera.