Fig. 8: Steps of carbon nanowire fabrication.

a Electromechanical spinning of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) solution onto a rotating collector to obtain patterned polymer wire deposition. b Pyrolysis of stabilized PAN wires inside a furnace to get pyrolytic carbon. c Nickel electroplating of the carbon structures to form a catalytic surface for the subsequent chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of graphitic carbon. d chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of graphitic carbon.