Fig. 3: Wettability studies of GNW-ZNS.
From: Anti-biofouling NH3 gas sensor based on reentrant thorny ZnO/graphene hybrid nanowalls
a Different structures tested in the wetting tests: GNW-ZNS and the control samples GNW, GNW-ZF, and GNW-ZNR. a1 GNW-ZNR was fabricated by ALD and hydrothermal growth. a2 SEM images indicated that the GNW-ZNR ZnO nanorods were uniformly distributed on the graphene nanowalls. b–d Optical images of the static contact angle (left) and time-resolved images of droplets impacting surfaces at a tilted angle of 2° (right) using b water (5 μl), c blood (12 μl), and d a bacterial suspension (5 μl). e Statistical results of the CAs. f Optical images showing that a water droplet (5 μl) could jump off GNW-ZNS but was suspended on the control GNW, GNW-ZF, and GNW-ZNR surfaces, even at tilt angles of 90° and 180°. g Summary of wetting properties of different structures. All liquid drops could quickly bounce off GNW-ZNS but were stuck on the control GNW, GNW-ZF, and GNW-ZNR surfaces. Schematic showing the proposed wetting states on different structures
