Fig. 2: Effect of functionalized Au nanopatterns on nanovolcano performance. | Microsystems & Nanoengineering

Fig. 2: Effect of functionalized Au nanopatterns on nanovolcano performance.

From: Nanovolcano microelectrode arrays: toward long-term on-demand registration of transmembrane action potentials by controlled electroporation

Fig. 2

a Schematic drawings showing the overall structure of a nanovolcano with (left panel) or without (right panel) a functionalized Au nanopattern in contact with the cell. The insets depict the schematic configuration of the respective cell–electrode interfaces. The electroporated junctional cell membrane is represented by dashed lines. b SEM images of the nanovolcano with (left panels) and without (right panels) the Au nanopattern. The expanded views show the nanowall rims of both types of nanovolcanoes. c Cardiomyocyte action potentials recorded using nanovolcanoes with (left panel) and without (right panel) the Au nanopattern (APA action potential amplitude). d Evolution of APAs during consecutive electroporations (each data point represents the average of the first three APAs recorded by different nanovolcanoes with intracellular access). e Intracellular recording durations per nanovolcano as a function of consecutive electroporations. f Dependence of the yield (number of nanovolcanoes showing in-cell APs/total number of nonsaturated nanovolcanoes per device) on the number of consecutive electroporations

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