Fig. 5: Experimental Formation of a Liquid Bridge to Establsh an GSFI.

a–i Side view of the formation of the liquid bridge across a gasketless interconnect from proof-of-concept experiments48 using a Nikon Measurescope MM-11 (Melville, NY) and a ×10 objective. The images show deionized water, dyed with red food coloring, growing from the top chip inlet hole as an axisymmetric pendant drop (a–e), transitioning to a liquid bridge (f), and transporting liquid across the gasketless seal (g–i). The hole diameters were 800 μm and the gap between the chips was 600 μm.