Fig. 2
Design of metasurface homogenizer. The spatial distribution of electron polarization rate in the cubic vapor cell under the pumping of a Gaussian light and b homogenized light, with cross-sectional intensity profiles at z = −1, 0, and 1 mm shown on the right; c the calculated polarization conversion efficiency of Si meta-atom set to be 190 nm (length) × 120 nm (width) × 620 nm (height) with the period of 370 nm; d linear polarization results from the coherent superposition of two plane circularly polarized light beams with opposite handedness and same propagation direction; e under the illumination of linear polarized light, the transmitted light is still linear polarized light and introduce an phase of \(2\varphi\); f a side-view SEM image of the central region of the metasurface
