Fig. 10: Edge intelligence based on photonic integrated circuits.

a Conceptual image of a silicon photonic chip that enables edge intelligence, based on integrated optoelectronic systems including high-speed data transmission, microwave photonic signal processing, beam steering, and photonic computing. Leveraging III–V-on-silicon photonic integration, each chip encapsulates essential functions (laser-driven microcomb generation, passive and active optical components, and on-chip electronics) facilitating AI-driven signal processing, adaptive control, and low-latency decision-making directly at the network edge. b Optical images of several Si-based fundamental devices. Reproduced with permission from the Springer (2022)²³⁷