Table 1 Demographics and clinical characteristics.

From: Structural covariance network topology in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis: the ENIGMA-CHR Study

 

HC

(N = 1282)

CHR

(N = 1582)

CHR-NT

(N = 1102)

CHR-T

(N = 229)

Demographics

Sex (Male/Female)

700 / 582

811 / 771

558 / 544

127 / 102

Handedness (L/M/R)

80/23/971c,n

171/28/1096 h

124/24/793 h

19/4/146

Age (years)

22.22c,t,n

20.60 h

20.66 h

20.23 h

Follow-up duration in months, mean (SD)

113.67

(58.86)c,t

137.29

(76.40)h

135.56

(72.87)t

152.53

(75.73)h,n

Typical antipsychotics, N (%)

NA

27 (1.71)

23 (2.09)

2 (0.87)

Atypical antipsychotics, N (%)

NA

251 (15.87)

163 (14.79)t

37 (16.16)n

Subgroupsa, N (%)

 APS

NA

1325 (83.75)

933 (84.66)t

184 (80.35)n

 BIPS

NA

79 (4.99)

45 (4.08)t

27 (11.79)n

 GRD

NA

235 (14.85)

167 (15.15)

44 (19.21)

 APS/GRD

NA

140 (8.85)

98 (8.89)

27 (11.79)

 APS/BIPS

NA

36 (2.28)

21 (1.91)t

13 (5.68)n

 BIPS/GRD

NA

9 (0.57)

5 (0.45)

4 (1.75)

 APS/BIPS/GRD

NA

7 (0.44)

4 (0.36)

3 (1.31)

 Unknown

NA

111 (7.02)

68 (6.17)

14 (6.11)

Clinical Measuresb

Total SOPS positive symptom score, mean (SD)

NA

10.91 (4.72)

10.79 (4.76)t

12.15 (5.15)n

Total SOPS negative symptom score, mean (SD)

NA

12.67 (6.50)

12.71 (6.53)t

14.03 (7.00)n

Total SOPS disorganized symptom score, mean (SD)

NA

5.54 (3.53)

5.74 (3.55)t

6.40 (4.11)n

Total SOPS general symptom score, mean (SD)

NA

8.20 (4.42)

8.29 (4.42)

8.60 (4.61)

Total CAARMS positive symptom score, mean (SD)

NA

10.35 (4.12)

10.04 (4.17)

10.90 (4.25)

Total CAARMS negative symptom score, mean (SD)

NA

6.67 (3.72)

6.63 (3.64)

7.75 (4.33)

Total CAARMS cognitive change score, mean (SD)

NA

3.27 (1.91)

3.46 (1.77)

4.43 (1.99)

Total CAARMS emotional disturbance score, mean (SD)

NA

3.86 (2.48)

4.07 (2.55)

4.43 (1.72)

Total CAARMS behavioral change score, mean (SD)

NA

8.64 (4.49)

8.79 (4.35)

9.13 (6.56)

Total CAARMS motor/physical change score, mean (SD)

NA

2.92 (2.43)

3.00 (2.50)

4.00 (2.61)

Total CAARMS general psychopathology score, mean (SD)

NA

13.16 (6.44)

13.30 (6.35)

14.00 (9.76)

  1. h, significantly different from the HC group; c, significantly different from the CHR group; t, significantly different from the CHR-T group; n, significantly different from the CHR-NT group. a, some participants met criteria for more than one subgroup; b, some participants had neither CAARMS nor SOPS scores. HC healthy controls, CHR clinical high risk, CHR-NT clinical high risk with no transition during follow-up, CHR-T clinical high risk who transited to psychosis during follow-up, L left, M mixed, R right, SD standard deviation, APS attenuated psychotic symptoms, BIPS brief (limited) intermittent psychotic symptoms, GRD genetic and risk deterioration syndrome, SOPS Scale of Psychosis-risk Symptoms, CAARMS Comprehensive Assessment of At Risk Mental States, NA not applicable.
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