Table 2 Association of fat-free mass (FFM) or fat mass (FM) at birth with fat-free mass index (FFMI, kg/m2) and fat mass index (FMI, kg/m2) at 4 years of age in the iABC cohort study (n = 314)

From: Body composition during early infancy and its relation with body composition at 4 years of age in Jimma, an Ethiopian prospective cohort study

Birth body composition

Model 1a

Model 2b

Model 3c

FFMI (kg/m 2 ) at 4 years

 FFM (kg)

1.02 (0.54, 1.49)***

1.10 (0.62, 1.58)***

1.07 (0.60, 1.55)***

 FM (kg)

0.08 (−0.65, 0.80)

0.14 (−1.59, 0.87)

0.05 (−0.69, 0.78)

FMI (kg/m 2 ) at 4 years

 FFM (kg)

0.48 (−0.23, 1.19)

0.44 (−0.26, 1.15)

0.41 (−0.29, 1.11)

 FM (kg)

1.40 (0.40, 2.41)**

1.18 (0.16, 2.20)*

1.17 (0.13, 2.22)*

  1. Each row shows separate multiple linear regression result for both FM and FFMI as an outcome. Slope estimates (β) shown with 95% confidence interval
  2. aModel 1: accretion rates (FFM or FM) adjusting for length at birth, sex of the child, birth order, and child age at 4 years
  3. bModel 2: as model 1, further adjusting for parental characteristics (baseline maternal age, maternal education, parental wealth index, and maternal postnatal BMI) measured at 1.5–6 months postpartum
  4. cModel 3: as model 2, further adjusting for breastfeeding at 3.5 (±1 months) postpartum and stunted (yes/no) at 4 years
  5. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001
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