Table 3 Analysis of SGA twins versus AGA twin from the same pregnancy (AGAI) and twins from pregnancy, where the weight of both twins was appropriate for gestational age (AGAII).

From: C-Peptide and leptin system in dichorionic, small and appropriate for gestational age twins—possible link to metabolic programming?

Parameter

SGA (n = 32)

AGAI + AGAII (n = 166; AGAI = 32 + AGAII = 134)

p-Value

Fetal soluble leptin receptor [ng/ml]

28.63 (19.64–35.82)

19.99 (15.90–24.72)

0.0001

Fetal total leptin [ng/ml]

2.85 (1.90–3.081)

2.98 (2.39–4.18)

0.125

Placental leptin [pg/100 µg of total protein]

130.14 (91.59–246.58)

102.41 (59.94–178.58)

0.047

Placental leptin receptor [pg/100 µg of total protein]

39.70 (22.04–102.42)

47.44 (28.61–81.30)

0.776

C-peptide [pmol/l]

44.48 (28.48–129.13)

34.62 (11.16–78.77)

0.055

Glucose [mmol/l]

5.88 (5.61–6.77)

5.77 (5.22–6.58)

0.248

HOMA = C peptide [pmol/l] × glucose [mmol/l]

249.31 (150.58–1010.49)

189.97 (63.82–444.23)

0.031

  1. The data are presented as median and 25–75th percentile intequartile range. Analyzed by Mann–Whitney U-test.
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