Fig. 1: Baseline, 18-month and one-year (30-month) follow-up across dietary intervention groups.

HbA1c (A), 2 h glucose (B), ALT (C), and MES (D) were significantly different between the TDD and LCD groups (*p < 0.05; **p < 0.001). MES medication effect score, ALT alanine aminotransferase, TDD traditional diabetic diet, LCD low carbohydrate diet.