Table 1 Maternal characteristics grouped by OGTT glucose levels.

From: The heterogeneous associations between gestational weight gain and adverse pregnancy outcomes in gestational diabetes mellitus according to abnormal glucose metabolism

 

Total (n = 2611)

OGTT groups

 

Characteristic

IFG (n = 234)

IGT (n = 1970)

IFG& IGT (n = 407)

P

Maternal age (years)

32.6 ± 4.6

31.3 ± 4.6

32.53 ± 4.5*

33.4 ± 4.8*,#

<0.001

Gravidity

2.3 ± 1.3

2.4 ± 1.4

2.3 ± 1.3

2.5 ± 1.3#

0.004

Parity

    

0.068

Nulliparous

1266 (48.5)

121 (51.7)

968 (49.1)

177 (43.5)

 

Multiparous

1345 (51.5)

113 (48.3)

1002 (50.9)

230 (56.5)

 

Prior cesarean delivery

635 (24.3)

46 (19.7)

470 (23.9)

119 (29.2)*

0.015

BMI (kg/m2)

21.9 ± 3.1

22.8 ± 3.1

21.5 ± 3.0*

23.4 ± 3.5#

<0.001

Underweight

309 (11.8)

13 (5.6)

270 (13.7)*

26 (6.4)*,#

<0.001

Normal weight

1926 (73.8)

180 (76.9)

1481 (75.2)*

265 (65.1)*,#

 

Overweight

333 (12.8)

34 (14.5)

203 (10.3)*

96 (23.6)*,#

 

Obesity

43 (1.6)

7 (3.0)

16 (0.8)*

20 (4.9)*,#

 

GWG (kg)

12.4 ± 4.1

12.6 ± 4.8

12.3 ± 4.0

12.7 ± 4.1

0.242

Appropriate

1417 (54.3)

116 (49.6)

1101 (55.9)

200 (49.1)#

<0.001

Insufficient

578 (22.1)

55 (23.5)

453 (23.0)

70 (17.2)#

 

Excessive

616 (23.6)

63 (26.9)

416 (21.1)

137 (33.7)#

 

Gestational week

38.1 ± 1.8

38.2 ± 2.1

38.2 ± 1.8

37.8 ± 1.9*,#

<0.001

OGTT (mmol/L)

FBG

4.7 ± 0.6

5.4 ± 0.4

4.5 ± 0.3*

5.6 ± 0.6*,#

<0.001

1-h BG

10.1 ± 1.4

8.4 ± 1.1

10.1 ± 1.2*

11.2 ± 1.6*,#

<0.001

2-h BG

8.9 ± 1.4

7.2 ± 0.9

8.9 ± 1.2*

9.6 ± 1.8*,#

<0.001

  1. Data were expressed as mean ± SD or number (percentage). IFG impaired fasting glucose group, IGT impaired glucose tolerance group, IFG&IGT both impaired group, BMI body mass index, GWG gestational weight gain, OGTT oral glucose tolerance test, FBG fasting blood glucose, 1-h BG blood glucose after 1 h, 2-h BG blood glucose after 2 h. *P < 0.017 vs IFG; #P < 0.017 vs IGT.
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