Table 2 Primary and secondary clinical outcomes at baseline and 16 weeks of the two groups and intervention effect.

From: A web-based low carbohydrate diet intervention significantly improves glycaemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes: results of the T2Diet Study randomised controlled trial

Outcome

na

Mean (SD)

Intervention effectb

  

Baseline

16 weeks

Within-group change

Estimate (95% CI)

p value

HbA1c, %

 Intervention

37

7.64 (1.24)

6.79 (1.14)

−0.94 (0.86)

−0.65 (−0.99, −0.30)

<0.0001

 Control

43

7.89 (1.30)

7.57 (1.28)

−0.26 (0.72)

MES

 Intervention

38

1.46 (1.30)

1.31 (1.17)

−0.09 (0.56)

−0.40 (−0.62, −0.19)

<0.0001

 Control

45

1.47 (0.87)

1.80 (0.92)

0.34 (0.49)

Weight, kg

 Intervention

37

98.30 (19.29)

92.72 (18.84)

−4.36 (3.66)

−3.26 (−4.81, −1.71)

<0.0001

 Control

45

101.57 (23.72)

100.74 (23.09)

−0.77 (3.52)

BMI

 Intervention

37

33.89 (6.16)

31.99 (6.13)

−1.48 (1.19)

−1.11 (−1.63, −0.59)

<0.0001

 Control

45

35.44 (8.07)

35.11 (7.92)

−0.27 (1.20)

  1. BMI body mass index, CI confidence interval, HbA1c haemoglobin A1c, MES Medication Effect Score, SD standard deviation.
  2. aNumber of participants with data available at 16 weeks for each outcome. All participants had complete data at baseline (n = 40 intervention group, n = 47 control group).
  3. bBetween-group differential change from baseline to week 16 (intervention versus control) estimated through two-way interaction between group allocation and measurement time point.
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