Table 3 Dietary intake at baseline and 16 weeks of the two groups and intervention effect.

From: A web-based low carbohydrate diet intervention significantly improves glycaemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes: results of the T2Diet Study randomised controlled trial

Nutrient

Intervention

Control

Intervention effecta

 

Baseline

16 weeks

Baseline

16 weeks

Estimate (95% CI)

p value

Energy intake

 kJ

9143 (2591)

8497 (2077)

9904 (3912)

9450 (4080)

−247.13 (−1634.65, 1140.39)

0.72

 kcal

2185 (619)

2030 (496)

2367 (935)

2258 (975)

−59.04 (−390.50, 272.43)

Carbohydrate

 g

222.3 (89.1)

125.3 (54.0)

228.9 (99.1)

220.3 (110.7)

−81.79 (−127.16, −36.42)

<0.0005

 E%

40.7

24.7

38.7

39

Protein

 g

106.2 (40.7)

119.2 (57.0)

104.5 (42.0)

105.0 (50.7)

12.59 (−10.40, 35.57)

0.28

 E%

19.5

23.5

17.7

18.6

Total fat

 g

88.5 (34.1)

107.7 (39.1)

102.4 (54.0)

96.5 (48.5)

21.72 (1.04, 42.40)

0.040

 E%

36.5

47.8

39

38.5

Saturated fat

 g

32.8 (13.3)

34.1 (14.3)

37.7 (19.7)

38.0 (20.2)

0.40 (−8.57, 9.36)

0.93

 E%

13.5

15.1

14.3

15.2

Monounsaturated fat

 g

33.2 (16.0)

41.0 (18.4)

38.1 (23.1)

34.9 (20.3)

10.33 (0.77, 19.88)

0.034

 E%

13.7

18.2

14.5

13.9

Polyunsaturated fat

 g

13.2 (9.7)

19.6 (11.4)

15.7 (13.0)

12.6 (7.9)

8.36 (2.83, 13.89)

0.003

 E%

5.4

8.7

6

5

Dietary fibre

 g

28.0 (11.3)

29.1 (10.4)

24.6 (11.8)

25.8 (13.9)

−0.70 (−6.26, 4.87)

0.81

  1. Data are presented as mean (standard deviation). Data collected via 24-h recall and analysed using FoodWorks.
  2. E% energy percentage, CI confidence interval, g grams, kcal kilocalories, kJ kilojoules.
  3. aBetween-group differential change from baseline to week 16 (intervention versus control) estimated through two-way interaction between group allocation and measurement time point.
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