Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study participants (N = 74,165) ^a.

No. of participants

74,165

25,226

26,854

22,085

Age (years)

56.3 (7.76)

55.3 (7.67)

56.2 (7.67)

57.6 (7.78)

<0.0001

Sex (male, %)

43.4

46.4

37.9

46.6

<0.0001

Body mass index categories

<0.0001

 Normal/Underweight (<25 kg/m²)

40.4

47.0

42.1

30.6

 Overweight (25–30 kg/m²)

41.7

40.3

41.6

43.6

 Obese (≥30 kg/m²)

17.9

12.7

16.3

25.8

Townson depretive index

–1.92 (2.69)

–2.01 (2.64)

–1.98 (2.66)

–1.76 (2.79)

<0.0001

Recruitment regions

0.79

 England

89.6

89.6

89.5

89.7

 Wales

6.60

6.63

6.73

6.40

 Scotland

3.80

3.81

3.74

3.86

Education level (college or higher, %)

41.85

40.9

42.0

42.8

<0.001

PA (MET × hour/week)

42.5 (40.6)

52.1 (45.7)

41.1 (38.5)

32.9 (33.7)

<0.0001

Season of accelerometer wear

<0.001

 Spring

22.6

23.5

22.3

21.7

 Summer

26.1

26.3

27.0

24.8

 Autumn

29.8

30.1

29.6

29.9

 Winter

21.5

20.1

21.0

23.6

Smoking status (%)

<0.001

 Current smoker

58.0

58.0

59.2

56.7

 Ex-smoker

35.5

35.9

35.0

35.7

 Non-smoker

6.46

6.16

5.85

7.55

Alcohol consumption

<0.001

 Not current

4.90

4.15

4.82

5.86

 Two or less times a week

44.5

42.6

44.6

46.6

 Three or more times a week

50.6

53.3

50.6

47.5

Healthy diet score

3.51 (1.14)

3.56 (1.12)

3.56 (1.13)

3.40 (1.15)

<0.0001

Sleep efficiency

0.76 (0.07)

0.77 (0.07)

0.77 (0.07)

0.75 (0.08)

<0.0001

Sleep duration

0.20

 < 7 h/day

33.1

32.9

32.9

33.7

 7–8 h/day

46.5

46.9

47.7

44.5

 > 8 h/day

20.4

20.2

19.4

21.9

Shift work

21.9

23.6

21.0

20.9

<0.0001

Use of blood pressure-lowering medications (yes)

8.79

6.91

8.31

11.5

<0.0001

Use of cholesterol-lowering medications (yes)

12.1

9.52

11.2

16.1

<0.0001