Table 2 Clinical and biochemical parameters of the enrolled subjects, stratified by sex. Significance values for comparisons between subjects with high (score ≥7) and low (score <7) cardio-metabolic risk (CMR) are also reported.

Waist circumference (cm)

87.62 ± 19.66

82.85 ± 20.72

85.52 ± 13.89

0.003

Weight (kg)

66.98 ± 59.15

61.9 ± 20.95

64.75 ± 47.31

0.346

Height (cm)

150.72 ± 14.56

148.11 ± 15.01

149.57 ± 14.80

<0.001

Waist circumference/height ratio

0.58 ± 0.12

0.54 ± 0.13

0.56 ± 0.11

0.004

BMI (Body mass index [kg/m²])

26.97 ± 5.10

27.33 ± 5.87

27.13 ± 6.54

0.568

Body mass index (z-score)

2.69 ± 1.07

2.40 ± 1.07

2.56 ± 1.07

0.018

Tanner 1

68 (38.42%)

56 (52.34%)

124 (43.66%)

-

Tanner 2 (2–3)

80 (45.20%)

32 (29.91%)

112 (39.44%)

-

Tanner 3 (4–5)

29 (16.38%)

19 (17.76%)

48 (16.90%)

-

Gestational age

38.91 ± 14.55

39.09 ± 10.27

39.00 ± 1.90

0.430

Systolic Blood Pressure (mmHg)

113.55 ± 53.13

110.21 ± 49.42

112.03 ± 12.14

0.038

Diastolic Blood Pressure (mmHg)

69.78 ± 32.42

68.98 ± 30.16

69.41 ± 8.59

0.481

Glycemia (mg/dl)

89.51 ± 34.81

85.92 ± 32.46

87.91 ± 9.54

0.002

Insulina (mcU/ml)

18.15 ± 17.71

19.20 ± 15.28

18.62 ± 16.88

0.634

HOMA

4.02 ± 4.15

4.23 ± 3.42

4.11 ± 3.95

0.697

TyG-index

8.26 ± 3.92

8.15 ± 3.97

8.21 ± 1.74

0.148

HbA1C (%)

5.30 ± 2.68

5.29 ± 2.65

5.29 ± 0.40

0.912

Total cholesterol (mg/dl)

157.72 ± 75.23

157.83 ± 71.67

157.77 ± 29.27

<0.001

LDL cholesterol (mg/dl)

85.86 ± 48.86

82.67 ± 44.16

84.41 ± 32.62

0.460

HDL cholesterol (mg/dl)

53.22 ± 31.03

58.24 ± 32.43

55.54 ± 23.49

<0.001

Tryglicerides (mg/dl)

97.84 ± 61.94

94.90 ± 64.02

96.53 ± 53.55

0.680