Table 2 CHD model (related to HLHS) in chick embryo: Other methods.
From: Animal models of hypoplastic left heart syndrome: genetic and anatomical approaches
Author [ref#] | Year | Methods | Tools | Animal number | HH Stage [incubation days] | Device placement duration | Survival rate [%] | Findings |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Harh et al.46 | 1973 | Mitral valve obstruction | A nylon device placed at the left AV canal, traversing it | Exp. n = 192 Control opened n = 15 Control unopened n = 192 | 23–25 [4.5–5 days] | 60–72 h | 20% (39/192) Survived >day 12 | 67% (26/39) showed abnormal findings [small LA, hypoplastic LV, threadlike Ao isthmus, hypoplastic asc. Ao] |
Rychter et al.47 | 1979 | Left Atrial Clipping | silver clips to the 3rd, 4th, and 6th arches | VSD and malformed aortic arch | ||||
Gessener et al.41 | 1970 | Conotruncal Banding (CTB) | A wire device placed at truncoconal portion of the heart tube | Exp. n = 500 (approx.) Control n = 50 | 19–20 [3 days] | 48 h | 25% Survived 19–20 days | Isolated VSD 20/125 VSD and overriding Ao 39/125 DORV and large VSD 43/125 DORV, DILV and VSD 18/125 |
Celik et al.48 | 2020 | A 10-0 nylon suture tied around the mid portion conotruncus | CTB n = 56 CTB-Release n = 56 Control n = 86 | Control: 18, 21, 24 Exp: 18 | CTB: HH18-24, CTB-R: HH18-21 (the suture knot disentangled at HH21) | At HH24 | ||
Hogers et al.49 | 1997/1999 | Rt. Vetelline vein ligation (VVL) | An aluminum microclip placed at rt. lateral Vetelline vein | Exp. n = 91 Sham n = 15 | 17 [70 h] | Until HH34 (n = 43), HH37 (n = 36), HH45 (n = 12) | 79% (95/120) | Cardiac abnormal rate: 88% at HH34 (38/43), 36% at HH37 (13/36), 58% at HH45 (7/12) |
Ursem et al.50 | 2004 | Exp. n = 15 Normal n = 15 | 17 [52–64 h] | Until HH 24 | Mean passive ventricular filling volume decreased by 53%, while control showed 33% of increase |
