Table 2 Outcome measures.

From: Necrotising enterocolitis and mortality in very preterm babies with severe congenital heart disease

 

All gestations: 22–31+6 weeks

Very preterm: 28–31+6 weeks

Extreme preterm: 22–27+6 weeks

Neonatal outcomes

sCHD cohort

Non-sCHD cohort

p-valued

q-valued

sCHD cohort

Non-sCHD cohort

p-valued

q-valued

sCHD cohort

Non-sCHD cohort

p-valued

q-valued

N

438

67,985

  

338

46,585

  

100

21,400

  

Severe NECa, N (%)

31 (7.1%)

2486 (3.7%)

<0.001

<0.001

19 (5.6%)

655 (1.4%)

<0.001

<0.001

12 (12%)

1831 (8.5%)

0.2

0.4

Late onset sepsisa

19 (4.3%)

3048 (4.5%)

>0.9

>0.9

12 (3.6%)

867 (1.9%)

0.022

0.022

7 (7%)

2181 (10%)

0.3

0.4

BPDa,b

190 (69%)

18,601(43%)

<0.001

<0.001

136 (64%)

7286(26%)

<0.001

<0.001

54 (83%)

11,315 (72%)

0.5

0.6

Severe brain injurya

62 (14%)

7895 (12%)

0.11

0.14

38 (11%)

2775 (6.0%)

<0.001

<0.001

24 (24%)

5210 (24%)

>0.9

>0.9

Died before 37 weeks CGA

134 (31%)

6593 (10%)

<0.001

<0.001

104 (31%)

2146 (4.6%)

<0.001

<0.001

30 (30%)

4447 (20.5%)

0.023

0.14

Length of stay in NICU (all babies), median days (IQR)

63 (27, 92)

50 (34, 77)

0.004

0.006

57 (28, 80)

43 (33, 57)

<0.001

<0.001

110 (15, 148)

87 (63, 111)

0.666

0.2

Outcomes for survivors only (n)

304

61,393

  

234

44,439

  

70

16,956

  

Length of stay in NICU (survivors only), median days (IQR)

82 (63, 113)

77 (60, 102)

  

72 (61, 93)

61 (50, 74)

  

118 (99, 136)

100 (85, 121)

  

Survival to transfer to cardiac centre

260 (59%)

   

209 (62%)

   

51 (51%)

   

Weight on transfer to cardiac centre, median (g) (IQR)c

2650 (2249, 3025)

   

2660 (2220, 2956)

   

2970 (2342, 3605)

   

Length of stay in NICU prior to transfer to cardiac centre, median (days) (IQR)c

80 (62, 113)

   

75 (60, 107)

   

121 (110, 137)

   
  1. aSevere NEC: confirmed by laparotomy or leading to death, Late onset sepsis: blood positive culture (pure pathogen growth), BPD: received oxygen or respiratory support at 36 weeks CGA.
  2. bBPD reported for babies with known outcome to 36 weeks corrected[adjusted denominators: n = 276 (CHD all gestations), n = 43,649 (non-CHD all gestations), n = 211 (CHD very preterm), n = 27,910 (non-CHD very preterm), n = 65 (CHD extreme preterm), n = 15,739 (non-CHD extreme preterm)].
  3. cIncludes babies with CHD that survive to discharge from NICU to a cardiac centre only [denominators n = 260 (all gestations), n = 209 (very preterm), n = 51 (extreme preterm)].
  4. dP-values are from unadjusted between-group comparisons (χ²/Fisher for categorical outcomes; Wilcoxon for continuous outcomes). Q-values are Benjamini–Hochberg false discovery rate (BH-FDR) adjusted p-values within each gestational-age block across the secondary outcomes shown.
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