Table 4 FDA-approved PET radiotracers for BCR in PCa [28, 31, 32, 34, 35, 37, 40, 45, 46, 51, 53, 67, 69,70,71,72].

Half-life, min

20

110

110

68

110

Detection rate, % (PSA level, ng/ml)

19 (0.2–1);

46 (1–3);

82 ( > 3)^a

31 (0–0.5);

50 ( > 0.5–1);

66 ( > 1–2)

NA

45 ( < 0.25);

51 (0.25–0.49)

69 (0.5–0.99)

78 (1.0–1.99);

90 (2.0–4.99);

93 (5.0–9.99)

96 ( ≥ 10)

36 ( < 0.5);

51 (0.5–0.99);

67 (1.0–1.99);

85 (2.0–4.99);

97 ( ≥ 5)^b

Specificity, % (95% CI)

89 (73–93)^c

67

90 (86–93)^d

NA

NA

Sensitivity, % (95% CI)

89 (83–93)^c

37

98 (95–99)^d

NA

96 (88–99)

PPV, %^e

NA

97

NA

82 ^f

82 (74–90)

Tissue-specific performance

NA

 Bone

25 (16–34)

100^e

83

63 (43–82)^b,e

 Local

27 (16–38)

100^e

83

80 (67–92)^b,e

 Lymph node, pelvic

36 (22–50)^g

91^e

72

80 (59–83)^b,e

88

29 (7.6–65)^b,e

Changed clinical management, %

NA

64

52

57

64

Impact on patient outcomes in prospective clinical trials

Improved 3- and 5-year ADT-free survival posttreatment with MDT compared with surveillance

Improved 3-year event-free survival

Improvement in local and distant PFS post-MDT; Maintained QoL

Significant improvements in biochemical PFS in patients who received MDT + ADT for >6 months

Improved median PFS at 6 months post-MDT; 60% response rate at 16 months post-MDT