Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with de novo mCSPC.

From: Survival benefit associated with first-line androgen receptor pathway inhibitors for de novo metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer

Patient characteristics

ADT alone (n = 163)

ADT + NSAA (n = 101)

ADT + ARPIa (n = 120)

Race, n (%)

 Black

66 (41)

28 (28)b

38 (32)b

 White

97 (60)

73 (72)b

82 (68)

Age (years) at index date, mean (SD)

76.4 (9.9)

76.9 (9.9)

70.6 (10)b

Region, n (%)

 South

70 (43)

41 (41)

43 (36)b

 Midwest

25 (15)

23 (23)b

31 (26)b

 West

34 (21)

20 (20)

27 (23)

 Northeast

33 (20)

15 (15)b

18 (15)b

 Puerto Rico

1 (1)

2 (2)

1 (1)

Year of mCSPC diagnosis, n (%)

 2018

66 (41)

38 (38)

36 (30)b

 2019

81 (50)

50 (50)

68 (57)b

 2020

16 (10)

13 (13)

16 (13)b

Pre-index treatment, n (%)

83 (51)

54 (54)

84 (70)b

 Radiation therapy

9 (6)

1 (1)

3 (3)

 Chronic corticosteroid use

78 (48)

54 (54)b

82 (68)b

Days from first PC diagnosis to mCSPC, median (IQR)

0 (0–14)

0 (0–4)

0 (0–16)

Days from mCSPC diagnosis to first-line initiation, median (IQR)

25 (9–43)

20 (9–34)

24 (9–37)

Grade group at PC diagnosis, n (%)

 Grade group 1 = Gleason 6 or fewer

3 (3)

1 (2)

0 (0)b

 Grade group 2 = Gleason 3 + 4 = 7

2 (2)

2 (4)

3 (3)

 Grade group 3 = Gleason 4 + 3 = 7

11 (12)

3 (6)

4 (4)b

 Grade group 4 = Gleason 8

23 (26)

18 (33)b

27 (27)

 Grade group 5 = Gleason 9–10

51 (57)

31 (57)

66 (66)b

 Unknown

73

46

20

PSA (ng/mL) at index date, median (IQR)

121.6 (29.6–435.0)

92.8 (26.5–310.3)

162.7 (40.0–426.7)

Disease volume, n (%)

 High

82 (50)

63 (62)b

80 (67)b

 Low

81 (50)

38 (38)b

40 (33)

CCI scorec, mean (SD)

4.0 (3)

4.9 (3)b

3.7 (3)b

Baseline comorbidities, n (%)d

 Hypertension

129 (79)

86 (85)b

83 (69)b

 Arrhythmia

55 (34)

39 (39)b

36 (30)

 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

51 (31)

40 (40)b

45 (38)b

 Hyperlipidemia

113 (70)

77 (76)b

82 (68)

 Stroke

16 (10)

5 (5)b

6 (5)b

 Acute coronary syndrome

10 (6)

6 (6)

6 (5)

 Angina pectoris

16 (10)

12 (12)

14 (12)

 Myocardial infarction

26 (16)

13 (13)

9 (8)b

 Congestive heart failure

31 (19)

20 (20)

18 (15)b

 Diabetes

65 (40)

43 (43)

48 (40)

 Lower-extremity arterial occlusive disease

12 (7)

11 (11)b

14 (12)b

  1. ADT androgen-deprivation therapy, ARPI androgen receptor pathway inhibitor, CCI Charlson Comorbidity Index, mCSPC metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer, IQR interquartile range, NSAA nonsteroidal antiandrogen, PC prostate cancer, PSA prostate-specific antigen, SD standard deviation, SMD standardized mean difference.
  2. aStatistically significant as indicated by SMD (100 × actual SMD) > 10% vs ADT alone.
  3. bARPI included abiraterone acetate in 98 patients and enzalutamide in 22 patients.
  4. cSolid cancer was not included in the CCI score.
  5. dOnly the top four comorbidities are presented.
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