Correction to: Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy https://doi.org/10.1038/s41392-024-01952-8, published online 04 October 2024

Since the publication of this review article, the authors received the feedback regarding an inaccurate concept description in the text.1 It was previously stated on page 3, column 2, line 46 that “The binding of CD40 on T cells and CD40L on B cells can promote B cells interior recruits the TNFR-associated factors (TRAFs), and reaction molecules include NIK, inhibitor of NF-κB kinase and TPL2 which lead to the activation of transcription factors such as NF-κB and AP1 at last”. Upon checking the related texts in the reference, the authors notice that CD40L is expressed on T cells while CD40 is expressed on B cells. Therefore, the correct text should be “The binding of CD40L on T cells to CD40 on B cells recruits TNFR-associated factors (TRAFs) within B cells. This recruitment activates downstream signaling molecules like NIK, inhibitor of NF-κB kinase, and TPL2, leading to the activation of transcription factors NF-κB and AP-1”.

In addition, Figure 2 should delete “T cells” from the image, because this figure indicates a cellular pattern emphasizing gene regulation downstream of each inflammation-related signaling pathway, rather than just T cells. This figure has been updated below to reflect this change.

In Figure 7, we previously incorrectly reversed the color circle notes in this figure (Correct formulation: the yellow circles represent natural amino acid; the red circles represent altered amino acid) and have now corrected them. This figure has been updated below to reflect this change.

Incorrect Figure 2:

Correct Figure 2:

Incorrect Figure 7:

Correct Figure 7:

No other findings in this review are affected by these changes.