Fig. 2: Factor loadings for food groups in dietary inflammatory potential and hazard ratios for brain disorders as a function of types of DII and EDII scores on a continuous scale.

A Factor Loadings for Food Groups in dietary inflammatory potential. B Results were derived from RCS regression models adjusted for age and sex, race and ethnicity, educational levels, and lifestyle factors including body mass index, smoking status, physical activity. Solid lines represent hazard ratios and dotted line represent corresponding 95% CIs, using restricted cubic splines with knots at the 5th, 50th, and 95th percentiles and with median DII and EDII score as reference. The density plots indicate the distribution of the population. Values in bold indicate findings that have remained significant after adjusting for multiple comparisons. Abbreviations: DII Dietary inflammatory index, EDII Energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index, ACD all-cause dementia, AD Alzheimer’s disease, PD Parkinson’s disease, RCS restricted cubic splines.