Table 1 Basic characteristics of participants classified by biomarker framework.

From: Complement C1q is associated with neuroinflammation and mediates the association between amyloid-β and tau pathology in Alzheimer’s disease

Characteristics

Stage 0

Stage 1

Stage 2

SNAP

P

ADNI (n = 217)

43

31

113

30

 

Age (years)

75.28 ± 5.35

75.64 ± 5.21

74.60 ± 7.21

77.11 ± 7.28

0.317

Gender (Female/Male)

15/28

9/22

52/61

11/19

0.277

Educational level (years)

15.58 ± 2.97

15.71 ± 3.49

15.83 ± 3.03

15.87 ± 2.81

0.969

APOE ε4 carriers (0/1/2)

39/4/0

17/11/3

32/57/24

24/6/0

<0.001

ADAS-13

11.07 ± 4.90

17.55 ± 9.42

21.83 ± 8.75

14.05 ± 7.12

<0.001

CSF biomarkers

C1qB_VPGLYYFTYHASSR

17.60 ± 0.57

17.31 ± 0.42

17.55 ± 0.57

17.95 ± 0.49

<0.001

C1qB_LEQGENVFLQATDK

17.13 ± 0.41

16.99 ± 0.36

17.09 ± 0.40

17.33 ± 0.37

0.007

Aβ42 (pg/mL)

1445.07 ± 256.48

637.04 ± 197.52

610.94 ± 169.83

1549.27 ± 428.76

<0.001

P-tau (pg/mL)

16.89 ± 2.82

16.21 ± 3.60

36.02 ± 10.10

29.00 ± 10.66

<0.001

T-tau (pg/mL)

191.95 ± 31.35

177.05 ± 34.03

357.60 ± 92.36

314.17 ± 86.70

<0.001

sTREM2 (pg/ml)

4451.21 ± 2129.89

3067.22 ± 1220.87

4435.45 ± 1912.91

5446.16 ± 1895.34

<0.001

GFAP

10.96 ± 0.37

11.00 ± 0.47

11.17 ± 0.46

11.33 ± 0.45

0.001

CABLE (n = 535)

199

127

51

158

 

Age (years)

60.70 ± 9.30

59.59 ± 9.91

64.65 ± 11.18

65.15 ± 9.56

<0.001

Gender (Female/Male)

65/134

62/65

24/27

47/111

0.002

Educated years

10.49 ± 4.17

10.61 ± 3.75

9.57 ± 4.24

9.77 ± 4.40

0.169

APOE ε4 carriers (0/1/2)

173/25/1

101/24/2

41/10/0

137/19/2

0.413

MMSE

27.95 ± 2.69

27.72 ± 2.22

26.47 ± 4.30

27.10 ± 3.53

0.004

MOCA

24.56 ± 3.68

24.31 ± 3.13

23.22 ± 4.53

23.38 ± 4.14

0.009

Serum C1q (mg/L)

173.19 ± 33.78

176.83 ± 37.35

181.11 ± 39.87

170.59 ± 41.71

0.272

CSF biomarkers

Aβ42 (pg/mL)

318.31 ± 111.94

123.62 ± 37.55

119.69 ± 42.07

403.02 ± 164.09

<0.001

Aβ40 (pg/mL)

5539.21 ± 2090.40

4676.10 ± 2009.50

7693.01 ± 2081.18

8508.60 ± 2681.24

<0.001

Aβ42/40

0.07 ± 0.04

0.03 ± 0.02

0.02 ± 0.01

0.05 ± 0.02

<0.001

P-tau (pg/mL)

36.47 ± 7.64

33.88 ± 7.68

57.79 ± 12.99

56.98 ± 11.14

<0.001

T-tau (pg/mL)

153.24 ± 35.45

137.00 ± 38.14

297.18 ± 101.66

282.78 ± 77.49

<0.001

sTREM2 (pg/ml)

17625.10 ± 6236.99

15266.69 ± 6867.00

19812.55 ± 6807.65

21573.35 ± 5730.35

<0.001

  1. Categorical variables were reported as numbers; continuous variables were reported as means ± SDs. Intergroup differences were assessed using chi-square analysis for categorical data, one-way ANOVA for data with a normal distribution, and the Kruskal-Wallis test for data that did not follow a normal distribution. Significant effects (P < 0.05) are shown in bold.
  2. APOE Apolipoprotein E, C1qB complement C1q subcomponent subunit B, CSF cerebrospinal fluid, Aβ, Amyloid-β, P-tau phosphorylated-tau, T-tau total-tau, sTREM2 soluble triggering receptor on myeloid cells 2, GFAP glial fibrillary acidic protein. ADAS Alzheimer disease assessment scale, MMSE mini-mental state examination, MOCA montreal cognitive assessment.
Back to article page