Table 1 Demographic information for comparison groups.

From: Chronic cannabis use in people with bipolar disorder is associated with comparable decision-making and functional outcome to healthy participants

Ā 

A

B

C

D

Ā 
Ā 

HC (n = 24)

HC + CU (n = 26)

BD (n = 12)

BD + CU (n = 25)

Group differences

Age

34.4 (9.9)

30.4 (8.1)

39.5 (7.2)

28.8 (8.3)

C > D,B KW = 12.8

Education (years)

15.7 (2.8)

14.6 (2.1)

14.6 (2.1)

14.0 (2.5)

ns; KW = 5.9

Gender

Man

13

11

5

9

ns; χ2 = 8.3

Woman

11

13

6

14

Non-binary

0

0

1

2

Trans (Female to Male)

0

2

0

0

Race/Ethnicity

White

16

16

6

10

ns; χ2 = 10.9

Black

2

2

1

3

Hispanic

3

4

2

9

Asian

3

2

2

1

Additional Groups

0

2

1

2

Current Alcohol use (% Yes)

76.2%

88.5%

54.4%

52.2%

B > C,D χ2 = 9.4

# Alcohol drinks/week

0.8 (1.0)

2.8 (2.7)

1.6 (3.2)

1.6 (2.5)

B > A,C,D KW = 9.9

Bipolar Type

BD I

Ā Ā 

9

21

ns; χ2 = 2.2

BDII

Ā Ā 

1

4

Not otherwise specified

Ā Ā 

2

0

Current Medication*

Lithium

0

0

2

4

ns; χ2 = 0.0

Valproic Acid

0

0

1

1

ns; χ2 = 2.3

Other mood stabilizers

0

0

2

8

ns; χ2 = 2.8

Antipsychotic

0

0

7

6

D > C; χ2 = 6.2

Antidepressant

1

0

3

7

ns; χ2 = 0.1

Benzodiazepine + Hypnotics

0

0

1

2

ns; χ2 = 0.3

Stimulant

0

1

0

3

NA

Other anti-anxiety

0

0

3

6

ns; χ2 = 0.1

Opioids

0

1

0

1

NA

Young Mania Rating Score

2.8 (2.3)

4.0 (3.4)

6.6 (4.5)

5.7 (3.2)

C,D > A KW = 13.1

Hamilton Depression Scale

3.9 (2.7)

5.6 (3.8)

9.3 (5.4)

8.0 (4.7)

C,D > B,A KW = 15.8

  1. Healthy comparison participants (HC), participants with bipolar disorder (BD), non-cannabis users and chronic cannabis users ( + CU). Data are presented as counts or means (standard deviation).
  2. *Statistics for current medications are in reference to group differences between BD and BD + CU. Other mood stabilizers include anti-convulsant medication or gabapentin.