Table 1 Characteristics of groups with and without depressive symptoms.

From: Contactless depression screening via facial video-derived heart rate variability

Characteristic

All participants (N = 1,453)

Non-depressive group (N = 894)

Depressive group (N = 559)

Statistical coefficient

Sociodemographic characteristics

Age, years

55 (37–66)

56 (40–66)

53 (33–64)

U = 228526 P = 0.006*

Gender, female

928 (63.9%)

568 (63.5%)

360 (64.4%)

χ2 = 0.112 P = 0.738

BMI

23.9 (21.8–26.3)

23.8 (21.7–26)

23.9 (21.8–26.8)

U = 251348 P = 0.217

Smoking status, yes

183 (12.6%)

94 (10.5%)

89 (15.9%)

χ2 = 9.133 P = 0.003*

Medical comorbidities

408 (28.1%)

238 (26.6%)

170 (30.4%)

χ2 = 2.446 P = 0.118

Psychiatric assessments

PHQ-9

3 (1–7)

1 (0–3)

9 (6–13)

U = 498967.5 P < 0.001*

HADS-D

5 (3–8)

4 (2–6)

8 (6–11)

U = 430273.5 P < 0.001*

  1. Values are resented as median (interquartile range) or number (%). Mann-Whitney U-test or the χ2 test was used.
  2. BMI Body mass index, PHQ-9 Patient health questionnaire-9, HADS-D Hospital anxiety depression scale-depression, SD Standard deviation.
  3. *P < 0.05.
Back to article page