Fig. 4: Correlations Between White Matter Hyperintensities in Different Regions and Cognitive Function (Adjusted for Sex, Age, and Education Level).

LgjuxWMH volume was associated with memory, executive, and language functions (r = −0.16, P = 0.006; r = 0.18, P = 0.003; r = −0.34, P < 0.001) (A–C). LgpWMH volume was negatively correlated with memory and language function (r = −0.13, P = 0.032; r = −0.24, P < 0.001) (D, F), but positively correlated with executive function (r = 0.19, P = 0.002) (E). LgjcWMH volume was negatively correlated with memory and language function (r = -0.15, P = 0.011; r = −0.29, P < 0.001) (G, I), but no significant association was found between lgjcWMH volume and executive function (r = 0.09, P = 0.123) (H). Abbreviations: AD, Alzheimer’s disease; dWMH, deep white matter hyperintensities; HC: healthy controls; jcWMH, subcortical white matter hyperintensities; juxWMH, juxtaventricular white matter hyperintensities; MCI, mild cognitive impairment; pWMH, periventricular white matter hyperintensities; SCD, subjective cognitive decline; lg represents log10 transformation of white matter hyperintensities.