Fig. 6: TNF-α plus bicarbonate suppresses tumor growth in vivo.

Tumor-bearing NOD/SCID mice received multipoint intratumoral injections of the control, TNF-α, bicarbonate, or a combination of these agents. a, c SK-HEP-1 xenografts. a Representative photographs of the tumors. b Tumor-growth curves. The dashed line indicates the expected additive effect. The data are presented as the means ± SDs (n = 5 biological replicates). Two-way ANOVA. c Tumor weights. The data are presented as the means ± SDs (n = 5 biological replicates). Unpaired t test. One outlier was removed from the control group (see Supplementary Table 1). d, f HeLa xenografts. d Representative photographs of the tumors. e Tumor-growth curves. The dashed line indicates the expected additive effect. The data are presented as the means ± SDs (n = 6 biological replicates). Two-way ANOVA. f Tumor weights. The data are presented as the means ± SDs (n = 6 biological replicates). Unpaired t test. ns, P > 0.05; *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; and ***P < 0.001.