Table 3 Univariate and multivariate analysis of PFS and OS for the entire cohort.

From: The impact of extramedullary and paraskeletal plasmacytomas on treatment outcomes in multiple myeloma treated with teclistamab: U.S. Myeloma Immunotherapy Consortium real-world experience

Variable

No.

PFS

OS

Univariable

Multivariable

Univariable

p value

Multivariable

p value

HR (95% CI)

p value

HR (95% CI)

p value

HR (95% CI)

HR (95% CI)

Age at teclistamab

385

0.98 (0.93–0.99)

0.002

0.98 (0.97–0.99)

0.015

0.98 (0.96–1.001)

0.059

  

ECOG PS

376

        

 0–1

280

Ref

 

Ref

 

Ref

 

Ref

 

 ≥2

96

1.86 (0.41–2.45)

<0.001

2.05 (1.53–2.75)

<0.001

2.67 (1.89–3.79)

<0.001

3.02 (2.1–4.3)

<0.001

Cytogenetica

362

        

 Standard-risk

243

Ref

 

Ref

 

Ref

 

Ref

 

 Confirmed High-risk

65

1.7 (1.3–2.4)

<0.001

1.5 (1.08–2.08)

0.016

1.35 (0.87–2.08)

0.17

1.07 (0.70–1.73)

0.68

 Isolated 17p

54

1.35 (0.93–1.9)

0.109

1.23 (0.84–1.82)

0.27

1.62 (1.03–2.55)

0.034

1.48 (0.92–2.35)

0.09

Triple-class refractory

385

        

 No

63

Ref

   

Ref

   

 Yes

322

1.44 (0.98–2.1)

0.058

  

1.54 (0.91–2.60)

0.1

  

Penta refractory

385

        

 No

241

Ref

   

Ref

 

Ref

 

 Yes

144

1.2 (0.95–1.5)

0.11

  

1.40 (1.003–1.96)

0.048

1.50 (1.05–2.13)

0.024

Prior BCMA-directed therapy

385

        

 No

192

Ref

 

Ref

 

Ref

   

 Yes

193

2.3 (1.22–4.3)

0.02

1.2 (0.93–1.62)

0.14

1.27 (0.90–1.78)

0.158

  

Prior line of therapy

385

1.02 (0.98–1.07)

0.2

  

1.003 (0.94–1.06)

0.9

  

PCL at any time

385

        

 No

373

Ref

 

Ref

 

Ref

 

Ref

 

 Yes

12

2.88 (1.15–7.20)

0.02

1.9 (0.99–3.64)

0.052

2.96 (1.44–6.05)

0.003

2.68 (1.29–5.59)

0.008

STP type

385

        

 No-STP

243

Ref

 

Ref

 

Ref

 

Ref

 

 PSK

33

1.2 (0.78–2.02)

0.32

1.12 (0.68–1.83)

0.6

1.04 (0.54–2.02)

0.8

1.17 (0.6–2.3)

0.63

 True-EMD

109

2.2 (1.67–2.8)

<0.001

1.93 (1.44–2.60)

<0.001

2.07 (1.46–2.95)

<0.001

2.40 (1.65–3.50)

<0.001

  1. Triple-class refractory: defined as refractory to ≥1 immunomodulatory drug, ≥1 proteasome inhibitor, and ≥1 anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody. Penta-refractory: defined as refractory to ≥2 immunomodulatory drugs, ≥2 proteasome inhibitors, and ≥1 anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody.
  2. ECOG PS Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status, PCL plasma cell leukemia, HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval.
  3. aPatients were classified into three cytogenetic risk groups based on a modified version of the 2025 IMS/IMWG consensus criteria: (1) standard risk, (2) confirmed high-risk, defined as t(4;14), t(14;16), or t(14;20) in combination with either gain/amp(1q) or del(1p), or concomitant gain/amp(1q) and del(1p) (including cases with concurrent del(17p)), and (3) isolated del(17p), categorized separately if not meeting criteria for confirmed high-risk, regardless of variant allele frequency or clonal fraction, given the absence of TP53 mutation data and incomplete FISH threshold information.
  4. Values with p<0.05 are shown in bold.
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