Fig. 10: Clinical strategy for bile lipid classifier to assist in the management of biliary tract disorders.

The diagnosis of benign and malignant biliary diseases is typically conducted through CT, MRCP, blood tumour markers, and ERCP. Inconclusive results can lead to underdiagnosis or delays in the treatment of malignant diseases and unnecessary interventions or overtreatment of benign conditions. Integrating the bile lipid classifier with clinical diagnostic tools may enhance risk assessment and improve the subsequent management of biliary diseases.