Fig. 1: Flow diagram of the study population in the JFMC studies.

aThe stage was determined based on clinicopathological diagnosis and the UICC TNM classification, version 6. bD1, complete pericolic or perirectal lymph node dissection. AE adverse event, JFMC Japanese Foundation for Multidisciplinary Treatment of Cancer, S-1 tegafur/gimeracil/oteracil/potassium, UFT/LV uracil and tegafur, UFT/LV uracil-tegafur plus leucovorin.