Table 1 Patient characteristics.

From: Genome-wide methylome profiling of cell-free DNA enables prognostication of patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer

 

Cohort 1

Cohort 2

NPCC (n = 10)

mCRPC (n = 27)

NPCC (n = 8)

LPC (n = 10)

HSPC (n = 40)

mCRPC (n = 43)

Age (year)

 Median

66

72

71

64

75

74

 (Range)

(42–83)

(60-87)

(54–85)

(61–70)

(58–87)

(42–86)

Serum PSA level (ng/mL)

 Median

1.3

108.0

0.9

13.7

23.4

43.8

 (Range)

(0.6–3.9)

(13.2–759.4)

(0.3–14.5)

(5.5–37.0)

(0.4–318.0)

(3.0–288.0)

Plasma cfDNA concentration (ng/mL)

 Median

4.7

28.7

6.4

4.5

7.7

7.5

 (Range)

(4.1–15.1)

(7.5–165.0)

(3.6–11.5)

(3.0–10.1)

(3.4–26.5)

(4.1–21.4)

Metastatic tumour burden at sample collection: n (%)

 M0

-

-

-

10 (100.0)

6 (15.0)

-

 M1 - Bone only

-

9 (33.3)

-

-

10 (25.0)

17 (39.5)

 M1 - Lymph node only

-

2 (7.4)

-

-

10 (25.0)

5 (11.6)

 M1 - Bone and lymph node

-

11 (40.7)

-

-

12 (30.0)

17 (39.5)

 M1 - Visceral

-

5 (18.5)

 -

-

-

2 (4.7)

 M1 - Unknown

-

-

-

-

2 (5.0)

2 (4.7)

Therapy before sample collection, n (%)

 No prior treatment

-

-

-

10 (100.0)

29 (72.5)

-

 Radical prostatectomy

-

2 (7.4)

-

-

3 (7.5)

3 (7.0)

 Radiotherapy

-

4 (14.8)

-

-

6 (15.0)

5 (11.6)

 Antiandrogen blockage

-

9 (33.3)

-

-

11 (27.5)

10 (23.3)

 ADT (GnRH/LH-RH-agonist)

-

27 (100.0)

-

-

3 (7.5)

39 (90.7)

 Surgical castration

-

-

-

-

-

4 (9.3)

 Taxanes (docetaxel/cabazitaxel)

-

9 (33.3)

-

-

1 (2.5)

9 (20.9)

mCRPC 1st-line treatment, n (%):

 Enzalutamide

-

24 (88.9)

-

-

-

37 (86.0)

 Abiraterone

-

3 (11.1)

-

-

-

6 (14.0)

PSA progression, 1st-line mCRPC treatment

 Yes, n (%)

-

24 (88.9)

-

-

-

30 (69.8)

 PSA progression-free survival (months), median (range)

-

5.3 (1.3–32.4)

-

-

-

9.8 (1.7–65.5)

 No, n (%)

-

3 (11.1)

-

-

-

13 (30.2)

 Available follow-up time (months), median (range)

-

17.7 (3.8–53.0)

-

-

-

34.5 (2.9–88.4)

Dead

 Yes, n (%)

-

19 (70.4)

-

-

-

19 (55.8)

 Overall survival Months, median (range)

-

13.1 (3.6–38.6)

-

-

-

18.6 (5.2–35.3)

 No, n (%)

-

8 (29.6)

-

-

-

24 (44.2)

 Available follow-up time Months, median (range)

-

13.6 (2.6–56.2)

-

-

-

37.6 (2.9–88.4)

  1. Clinical characteristics of non-prostate cancer controls (NPCCs) and prostate cancer (PC) patients in cohorts 1 and 2. mCRPC metastatic castration-resistant PC, LPC localised PC, HSPC hormone-sensitive PC, PSA prostate specific antigen, ADT androgen deprivation therapy.
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