Fig. 3: Comparison of maximal biomarker levels during the first seven days in the ICU between patients who experienced different sepsis stages during their ICU stay. | Cell Death & Differentiation

Fig. 3: Comparison of maximal biomarker levels during the first seven days in the ICU between patients who experienced different sepsis stages during their ICU stay.

From: Potential of biomarker-based enrichment strategies to identify critically ill patients for emerging cell death interventions

Fig. 3

A–L Boxplots of log2-transformed values of interleukin-6 (IL6), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin-18 (IL-18), interleukin-10 (IL-10), interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1α), interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra), GDF15, free malondialdehyde (MDA), catalytic iron (Fec), urinary chitinase-3-like protein 1 (u-CHI3L1), and serum chitinase-3-like protein 1 (s-CHI3L1). Differences between the three groups (no sepsis: n = 38, sepsis: n = 77, septic shock: n = 41) were assessed using the Kruskal-Wallis test. If significant, pairwise comparisons were performed using Dunn’s test with adjustment for multiple comparisons. *: p ≤ 0.05, **: p ≤ 0.01, ***: p ≤ 0.001.

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