Fig. 1: Suppression of malignant progression in colonic tumorigenesis by Cdx1 and Cdx2.

A qPCR data showing the relative expression (mean ± SD) of Cdx1, Cdx2, and Lgr5 in colonic tumor organoids derived from Apc+/− mice (compared with those in normal epithelium). P-values were calculated using a Student′s t-test (A–C). Number (B) and size (C) of intestinal tumors in Apc+/−, cis-Apc+/−Cdx1+/−, and Cdx2+/−-cis-Apc+/−Cdx1+/− mice at 10–12 weeks of age (mean ± SD; n = 4–5, excluding dysplastic crypts). Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained small intestinal tumors in Apc+/− (D) and cis-Apc+/−Cdx1+/− (E) mice. Green arrows indicate invasive tumor cells (E, G). Abbreviations in D–G: mm muscularis mucosa, mp muscularis propria, se serosa. Scale bars, 200 µm (D–G). H&E-stained colonic tumors from cis-Apc+/−Cdx1+/− (F) and Cdx2+/−-cis-Apc+/−Cdx1+/− (G) mice.