Fig. 4: The molecular mechanism of ferroptosis in BCa.
From: Mechanisms of ferroptosis and targeted therapeutic approaches in urological malignancies
In BCa, ferroptosis can be regulated through various mechanisms, including GSH levels, lipid metabolism, mitochondrial metabolism, and the MAPK signaling pathway. Abbreviations: PUFAs, polyunsaturated fatty acids; CoA, coenzyme A; PL-PUFAs, phospholipid-containing PUFAs; ACSL4, acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4; LPCAT3, lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 3; TF, transferrin; TFR1, transferrin receptor 1; STEAP3, iron oxide reductase steam 3; DMT1, divalent metal transporter 1; NCOA4, nuclear receptor coactivator 4; LIP, labile iron pool; SLC7A11, solute carrier family 7 member 11; SLC3A2, solute carrier family 3 member 2; GSH, glutathione; GSSG, Oxidized glutathione; GPX4, glutathione peroxidase 4; NRF2, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2; ROS, Reactive Oxygen Species; PHGDH, phosphoglycerol dehydrogenase; EMP1, epithelial membrane protein 1; FLRT2, fibronectin leucine rich transmembrane protein 2; PCBP1, poly C binding protein 1.
