Table 2 The iAUC of blood biomarkers in each trial.

From: Effects of the timing of acute mulberry leaf extract intake on postprandial glucose metabolism in healthy adults: a randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind study

 

MP (n = 12)

MM (n = 12)

EP (n = 12)

EM (n = 12)

P (trial)

P (time)

P (Interaction)

Glucose (mmol/3 h/l)

1107 ± 46###

1057 ± 42

1397 ± 47**

1275 ± 43

0.003

0.001

0.003

Insulin (mU/3 h/l)

9491 ± 1989

7239 ± 1266

10,655 ± 2054

8305 ± 1481

0.007

0.112

0.932

GIP (pg/3 h/ml)

28,019 ± 3526

23,983 ± 2950

27,550 ± 2864

24,663 ± 3037

0.002

0.829

0.599

GLP-1 (pg/3 h/ml)

1641 ± 202

1738 ± 305

1856 ± 296

1591 ± 265

0.333

0.694

0.083

TAG (mmol/3 h/l)

198 ± 19

186 ± 17

163 ± 15

170 ± 18

0.803

0.011

0.489

NEFA (mmol/3 h/l)

32 ± 2###

31 ± 3

44 ± 3

40 ± 4

0.266

0.002

0.493

  1. All data are presented as means ± SEs.
  2. The mean values are significantly different from those of evening trials, ###P < 0.001; The mean values are significantly different from that of MLE trials at same meal time, **P < 0.01 with Bonferoni correction.
  3. MP morning placebo, EP evening placebo, MM morning MLE, EM evening MLE.
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